The Imjin War, Japanese Invasions of Korea

The Imjin War, Japanese Invasions of Korea Dates: May 23, 1592 - December 24, 1598 Adversaries:  Japan versus Joseon Korea and Ming China Troop strength:   Korea - 172,000 national army and navy, 20,000 insurgent fighters Ming China - 43,000 imperial troops (1592 deployment); 75,000 to 90,000 (1597 deployment) Japan - 158,000 samurai and sailors (1592 invasion); 141,000 samurai and sailors (1597 invasion) Outcome:  Victory for Korea and China, led by Korean naval successes. Defeat for Japan. In 1592, the Japanese warlord Toyotomi Hideyoshi launched his samurai armies against the Korean Peninsula. It was the opening move in the Imjin War (1592-98). Hideyoshi envisioned this as the first step in a campaign to conquer Ming China; he expected to roll over Korea quickly, and even dreamed of going on to India once China had fallen. However, the invasion did not go as Hideyoshi planned. Build-up to the First Invasion    As early as 1577, Toyotomi Hideyoshi wrote in a letter that he had dreams of conquering China. At the time, he was just one of Oda Nobunagas generals. Japan itself was still in the throes of the Sengoku or Warring States period, a century-long era of chaos and civil war among the different domains. By 1591, Nobunaga was dead and Hideyoshi was in charge of a much more unified Japan, with northern Honshu the last major region to fall to his armies.   Having accomplished so much, Hideyoshi began to give serious thought once more to his old dream of taking on China, the major power of East Asia.   A victory would prove the might of reunified Japan, and bring her immense glory. Hideyoshi first sent emissaries to the court of Joseon Koreas King Seonjo in 1591, requesting permission to send a Japanese army through Korea on its way to attack China. The Korean king refused.   Korea had long been a tributary state of Ming China, while relations with Sengoku Japan had seriously deteriorated thanks to incessant Japanese pirate attacks all along Koreas coast.   There was simply no way that the Koreans would allow Japanese troops to use their country as a staging ground for an assault on China. King Seonjo sent his own embassies to Japan in turn, to try and learn what Hideyoshis intentions were. The different ambassadors returned with different reports, and Seonjo chose to believe those who said that Japan would not attack. He made no military preparations. Hideyoshi, however, was busy gathering an army of 225,000 men. Its officers and most of the troops were samurai, both mounted and foot soldiers, under the leadership of some major daimyo from Japans most powerful domains.   Some of the troops were also from the common classes, farmers or craftsmen, who were conscripted to fight. In addition, Japanese workers built a huge naval base on western Kyushu, just across the Tsushima Strait from Korea. The naval force that would ferry this enormous army across the strait consisted of both men-of-war and requisitioned pirate boats, manned by a total of 9,000 sailors. Japan Attacks The first wave of Japanese troops arrived at Busan, on Koreas southeast corner, on April 13, 1592. Some 700 boats offloaded three divisions of samurai soldiers, who rushed Busans unprepared defenses and captured this major port in a matter of hours. The few Korean soldiers who survived the onslaught sent messengers running to King Seonjos court in Seoul, while the rest retreated inland to try to regroup. Armed with muskets, against Koreans with bows and swords, the Japanese troops quickly swept toward Seoul. About 100 kilometers from their target, they met the first real resistance on April 28 - a Korean army of about 100,000 men at Chungju. Not trusting his green recruits to stay on the field, Korean general Shin Rip staged his forces in a swampy y-shaped area between the Han and Talcheon Rivers.   The Koreans had to stand and fight or die.   Unfortunately for them, the 8,000 Korean cavalry riders bogged down in flooded rice paddies and Korean arrows had a much shorter range than the Japanese muskets. The Battle of Chungju soon turned into a massacre. General Shin led two charges against the Japanese, but couldnt break through their lines. Panicking, the Korean troops fled and jumped into the rivers where they drowned, or got hacked down and decapitated by samurai swords.   General Shin and the other officers committed suicide by drowning themselves in the Han River. When King Seonjo heard that his army was destroyed, and the hero of the Jurchen Wars, General Shin Rip, was dead, he packed up his court and fled north. Angry that their king was deserting them, people along his flight path stole all of the horses from the royal party. Seonjo didnt stop until he reached Uiju, on the Yalu River, which is now the border between North Korea and China. Just three weeks after they landed at Busan, the Japanese captured the Korean capital of Seoul (then called Hanseong). It was a grim moment for Korea. Admiral Yi and the Turtle Ship Unlike King Seonjo and the army commanders, the admiral who was in charge of defending Koreas southwest coast had taken the threat of a Japanese invasion seriously, and had begun to prepare for it.   Admiral Yi Sun-shin, the Left Navy Commander of Cholla Province, had spent the previous couple of years building up Koreas naval strength.   He even invented a new kind of ship unlike anything known before. This new ship was called the kobuk-son, or turtle ship, and it was the worlds first iron-clad warship. The kobuk-sons deck was covered with hexagonal iron plates, as was the hull, to prevent enemy cannon shot from damaging the planking and to ward off fire from flaming arrows. It had 20 oars, for maneuverability and speed in battle. On the deck, iron spikes jutted up to discourage boarding attempts by enemy fighters. A dragons head figurehead on the bow concealed four cannon that fired iron shrapnel at the enemy. Historians believe that Yi Sun-shin himself was responsible for this innovative design. With a much smaller fleet than Japans, Admiral Yi racked up 10 crushing naval victories in a row through use of his turtle ships, and his brilliant battle tactics. In the first six battles, the Japanese lost 114 ships and many hundreds of their sailors. Korea, in contrast, lost zero ships and 11 sailors. In part, this amazing record was also due to the fact that most of Japans sailors were poorly-trained former pirates, while Admiral Yi had been carefully training a professional naval force for years. The Korean Navys tenth victory brought Admiral Yi an appointment as the Commander of the Three Southern Provinces. On July 8, 1592, Japan suffered its worst defeat yet at the hands of Admiral Yi and the Korean navy. In the Battle of Hansan-do, Admiral Yis fleet of 56 met a Japanese fleet of 73 ships. The Koreans managed to encircle the larger fleet, destroying 47 of them and capturing 12 more. Approximately 9,000 Japanese soldiers and sailors were killed.   Korean lost none of its ships, and just 19 Korean sailors died. Admiral Yis victories at sea were not simply an embarrassment for Japan. The Korean naval actions cut off the Japanese army from the home islands, leaving it stranded in the middle of Korea without supplies, reinforcements, or a communication route. Although the Japanese were able to capture the old northern capital at Pyongyang on July 20, 1592, their northward movement soon bogged down.   Rebels and Ming With the tattered remnants of the Korean army hard-pressed, but filled with hope thanks to Koreas naval victories, the ordinary people of Korea rose up and began a guerrilla war against the Japanese invaders. Tens of thousands of farmers and slaves picked off small groups of Japanese soldiers, set fire to Japanese camps, and generally harried the invading force in every possible way. By the end of the invasion, they were organizing themselves into formidable fighting forces, and winning set battles against the samurai. In February, 1593, the Ming government finally realized that the Japanese invasion of Korea posed a serious threat to China as well. By this time, some Japanese divisions were battling with the Jurchens in what is now Manchuria, northern China. The Ming sent an army of 50,000 which quickly routed the Japanese from Pyongyang, pushing them south to Seoul.   Japan Retreats China threatened to send a much larger force, some 400,000 strong, if the Japanese didnt withdraw from Korea. The Japanese generals on the ground agreed to withdraw to the area around Busan while peace talks were held. By May of 1593, most of the Korean Peninsula had been liberated, and the Japanese were all concentrated in a narrow coastal strip on the southwestern corner of the country. Japan and China chose to hold peace talks without inviting any Koreans to the table. In the end, these would drag on for four years, and emissaries for both sides brought false reports back to their rulers. Hideyoshis generals, who feared his increasingly erratic behavior and his habit of having people boiled alive, gave him the impression that they had won the Imjin War. As a result, Hideyoshi issued a series of demands: China would allow Japan to annex the four southern provinces of Korea; one of the Chinese emperors daughters would be married to the Japanese emperors son; and Japan would receive a Korean prince and other nobles as hostages to guarantee Koreas compliance with Japanese demands. The Chinese delegation feared for their own lives if they presented such an outrageous treaty to the Wanli Emperor, so they forged a much more humble letter in which Hideyoshi begged China to accept Japan as a tributary state. Predictably,  Hideyoshi was incensed  when the Chinese emperor replied to this forgery late in 1596 by granting Hideyoshi the bogus title King of Japan, and giving Japan status as a vassal state of China. The Japanese leader ordered preparations for a second invasion of Korea. Second Invasion On August 27, 1597, Hideyoshi sent an armada of 1000 ships carrying 100,000 troops to reinforce the 50,000 who remained at Busan. This invasion had a more modest goal - simply to occupy Korea, rather than to conquer China. However, the Korean army was much better prepared this time, and the Japanese invaders had a tough slog ahead of them. The second round of the Imjin War also began with a novelty - the Japanese navy defeated the Korean navy at the Battle of Chilcheollyang, in which all but 13 Korean ships were destroyed. In large part, this defeat was due to the fact that Admiral Yi Sun-shin had been the victim of a whispered smear campaign at court, and had been removed from his command and imprisoned by King Seonjo.  After the disaster of Chilcheollyang, the king quickly pardoned and reinstated Admiral Yi.   Ã‚   Japan planned to seize the entire southern coast of Korea, then march for Seoul once more. This time, however, they met a joint Joseon and Ming army at Jiksan (now Cheonan), which held them off from the capital and even began to push them back toward Busan. Meanwhile, the reinstated Admiral Yi Sun-shin led the Korean navy in its most astonishing victory yet at the Battle of Myongnyang in October of 1597. The Koreans were still trying to rebuild after the Chilcheollyang fiasco; Admiral Yi had just 12 ships under his command.   He managed to lure 133 Japanese vessels in to a narrow channel, where the Korean ships, strong currents, and rocky coastline destroyed them all. Unbeknownst to the Japanese troops and sailors, Toyotomi Hideyoshi had died back in Japan on September 18, 1598. With him died all will to continue this grinding, pointless war. Three months after the warlords death, the Japanese leadership ordered a general retreat from Korea. As the Japanese began to withdraw, the two navies fought one last great battle at the Noryang Sea. Tragically, in the midst of another stunning victory, Admiral Yi was hit by a stray Japanese bullet and died on the deck of his flagship.   In the end, Korea lost an estimated 1 million soldiers and civilians in the two invasions, while Japan lost more than 100,000 troops. It was a senseless war, but it did give Korea a great national hero and a new naval technology - the famous turtle ship.

Influence of Aristotle on John Stuart Mills and Karl Marxs Studies Essay

Influence of Aristotle on John Stuart Mills and Karl Marxs Studies - Essay Example This paper illustrates that Aristotle believes that all humans are determined to flourish. It is appropriate and desired the end of all human actions. To understand how something functions, you need to understand its nature. Aristotle provides four different human nature aspects. Aristotle is usually quoted saying â€Å"Man is a political creature.† The meaning of Aristotle has a deeper understanding as compared to the known translation. The quote from Aristotle that says â€Å"is a rational being who lives in societies?† provides four different aspects of human nature. The first aspect is referring to the human as physical beings (to mean humans are animals). According to Aristotle, Physical beings require rest, nourishment, exercise, and many others that help in keeping their body to function properly. The second is that the human being referred as emotional beings (to mean they are animals). What differentiate plants from animals, as argued by Aristotle, is that anim als have desires, wants, urges, and reactions. These do not exist in plants. The human being can recognize what they want in the world, and they also possess the power of volition get what they want. Furthermore human can avoid what they dislike. These wants can be complicated for humans, however, at the long run, we all have wants and needs that are obtained from the underlying sources. The third is human is a social being (this is because they live in groups). Human must function and live in various societies. No man can survive by himself and human majorly performs well only in social settings. Human social nature goes in hand with our emotional nature; such that the wants and needs  required by a human can only be attained through the social nature of humanity. For example, human were beings that flourished as hermits, Friendly and trust cooperation needs will not be nearly so urgent. The fourth is that the human is a rational being. To the Greeks, most of the cultures, includ ing the current ones that have made humans human were our rationality. Human is expressive, creative, able to obey reasons and knowledge-seeking. Most of the time human being may not follow reasons, and most of the time may not want to exercise their minds. However, the central part of human existence relates their nature of being a rational animal.

Reflecting Paper of The Case of the Mismanaged Ms Essay

Reflecting Paper of The Case of the Mismanaged Ms - Essay Example Ed Coulter, the Vice President of marketing admitted that he had fronted Dick to fill the position instead of Ruth since Dick was a man, and since men tend to be in most factory settings, he assumed that Dick could relate better to clients. In as much as both Dick and Ruth had equal qualifications needed for the job, Ed argued that women were not reliable at higher levels since they could get pregnant, or abandon their jobs in order to follow to their husbands based on their husbands’ jobs or career (Seymour, 1987). From all these, it is evident that Ed was biased against Ruth. It is against the law to deny women opportunities because they are anticipated to get pregnant. From Ruth’s and Barbara’s conversation, it is evident that Triton does not promote affirmative action. The company has failed to respect women and regard them as important people who can add value to the company and society at large. First and foremost, Ruth’s revelation that women in Tri ton Company form only twenty percent of all the employees is worrying. Additionally, there are only two women holding mid-level managerial positions, with no woman holding a position at the top executive level (Seymour, 1987). This is a clear demonstration that women are discriminated against and their presence in the company is not considered of value. Secondly, I am extremely shocked to hear Ruth’s complaints regarding the manner in which Ed addresses her. When Ed meets Ruth in the morning and does not greet her, but comments on her blouse, her mode of dressing, as well as her eyes (Seymour, 1987), it serves to be a clear indication of sexual harassment. Ed does this on purpose with intentions of making Ruth feel bad. This is an unacceptable behavior that should not be tolerated in any working environment. It is also worth noting that there are no clear procedures that are being followed when promoting employees. This is attributed to the fact that information regarding suc h opportunities are passed by word of mouth. No formal communication is given to existing employees to enable forward their applications to these positions. Instead, the Vice Presidents of various departments (all of them are men) sit down by themselves and choose who to fill the position with. It worries that in all the cases they have appointed only men, some of whom have not worked for the company compared to women at their level (Seymour, 1987). This brings forward several questions that demand answers. For instance, one may want to know, what role the Human Resource Manager of the company plays if she is not involved in the hiring process. Additionally, one may question why the Vice Presidents consider giving these vacant positions to men who do not deserve them, leaving out hardworking and achieving women. These acts of discrimination if not well handled can be extremely disastrous to the company. First, the company may face several discrimination lawsuits which may dent its p ublic image. The lawsuits may reveal what is happening in the company and discouraged bright, hardworking and achieving women who had wished to be a part of the Triton workforce. Secondly, the company may lack a diverse executive staff. Failure to incorporate women in its operation may hurt the company since studies have revealed that including women in the executive staff and having diversity is interrelated with better performance. This is because divergent

Information technology Essay Example for Free

Information technology Essay Information technology pertains to electronic tools that facilitate several processes that are commonly employed in an institution, including the collection, storage, retrieval and transfer of information from one site to another. It should be understood that information technology increases the speed in data handling not only within one institution, but also within a network that may be composed of multiple sites around the world. Information technology thus enhances the transmission of data, as well as increases the volume of processes that could be performed at the same time. The state of information technology has rapidly evolved in the last few decades, resulting in its application in almost every field of profession. In the field of medicine, information technology has improved the quality of healthcare by facilitating different processes in the system. Information technology has revolutionized the storage and maintenance of medical records (Hillestad et al. , 2005). The classical method of record keeping involves thousands of files in every healthcare institution and a group of highly efficient record keepers who meticulously store and retrieve patient medical records. In the event that the patient needs to consult with another department or physician of the hospital, his records are physically retrieved from the files and carried over to the next clinic. Unfortunately, consulting another physician in another hospital would be more challenging as a referral document needs to be written and delivered to the next institution before the patient is allowed to appear for a medical consult. Information technology has revolutionized healthcare by converting patient records in an electronic format that could be retrieved at any time a physician (Bardach et al. , 2009). In addition, the electronic format facilitates the manner of reviewing the patient’s chart as his history is immediately available at the click of specific commands on the software. This technology thus saves time in physically performing retrieval tasks, which in turn can be critical when the medical condition of a patient is quite serious. Electronic medical records also expands the capacity of consolidating information on a particular patient, as all test records could be integrated into one single file. The employment of electronic medical records also improves the communication between the patient and the physician, mainly due to the ease and speed of accessing the patient’s chart (Hsu et al. , 2005). Instead of spending time in finding the patient’s records in the filing cabinet, the physician thus spends more time in assessing the patient’s current condition and in designing a treatment regimen for the patient. With this setting of ample interaction and personal attention from the physician, the patient will feel properly attended to by his physician. It should be understood that the positive interaction between the physician and the patient strongly influences the success and adherence of the patient to a treatment plan. The application of information technology to healthcare has also enhanced the capacity in prescribing medications to patients (Garrido et al. , 2005). Using a patient database for administered drugs, physicians and pharmacists can quickly check specific medications and dosages that have been given to a particular patient. There are many cases of intoxication or drug-drug interactions as there are usually no available information of previous medications that a patient has taken and retrieval of paper-based records takes some time to complete. Pharmacies can also monitor the amount of drugs that have been supplied to the patients and regulate the amount of refills, which in turn can prevent drug abuse or intoxication. Healthcare has also benefited from information technology by facilitating physicians in requesting for medical procedures. Instead of having a physician provide a written request for a diagnostic test or medical procedure, information technology allows the physician to request the same procedures through a hospital database and just direct the patient to proceed to the next clinic or laboratory. Information technology also upgrades the method of making decisions with regards to specific medical conditions. It is a frequent occurrence that a patient develops a disease that needs to be attended by several doctors of different specializations. It is thus common to find a medical team composed of a cardiologist, pulmonologist, anesthesiologist and surgeon, discussing the condition of a single patient. Each of these specialists has very hectic schedules and thus it is difficult for them to be at a single site to discuss a patient’s condition. Information technology allows case discussions between specialists through the use of teleconferences, which involves computer-based software in providing both visual and audio access to other sites of the network. Information technology has also helped healthcare institutions consult specialists who may be in another hospital within the country and in another institution across the globe. Patient records, as well as data images from diagnostic tests from computerized tomography (CT) scans, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or electrocardiograms, could be electronically sent to any other point around the world without any deterioration in the quality of the data. This feature increases the capacity of a healthcare institution in completing an assessment of a patient and in designing of the next appropriate procedure or treatment that should be performed on the patient. Healthcare has significantly improved through the adaptation of information technology. Electronic data storage, retrieval and transmission have enhanced the capacity for physicians and other healthcare personnel to review and follow specific instructions in taking care of patients. Prescription of drugs and monitoring of conditions of the patient has also improved as electronic formats have been installed in almost every hospital department. The improvement of healthcare using information technology has also increased the time that could be spent in personally attending to patients, which ultimately enhances the quality of healthcare services.

Strategy Development and Initiatives Essay -- Business and Management

Strategy Development and Initiatives 1) The history, development, and growth of the company over time ================================================================ In 1987, Andrew Young and Dick England established Kleenmaid a 100 % private owned Australian company. The companies main business is to import, manufacture and distribution of high-quality white goods appliances like cook tops, ovens, dishwashers, refrigerators and washing machines. In 1995, Kleenmaid shifted from a wholesale business to direct retailing, to provide customers a store with fully operational appliances where possible purchasers could use the washing machines or cook everything possible with the help of appliances provided by the store.. Its head office in Maroochydore, Queensland, Australia manages its major functions such as sales, marketing, service, financial, administrative and information technology (Hill et al. 2004). The company has been rated as one of the fastest growing private companies in Australia and regularly appears in the Business Review Weekly top five hundred companies. By 2001, the company has been rated as one of the fastest growing private companies in Australia (Hill et al. 2004). As part of its growing strategy, Kleenmaid bought the brand name and selected manufacturing equipment of liquidated company St George Appliances in 1999. St George, an Australian company for than fifty years, used to export its products all over the world. The company was renamed Kleenmaid St George following the purchase. It provides a comprehensive service, including delivery, installation and full after-sales service at a competitive price for builders and developers. The company uses subcontractors wearing’ Kleenmaid St George’ attire for all installation and servicing requirements (Hill et al. 2004). More than one million Australians use Kleenmaid St George appliances daily. As the only Australian direct retailer of kitchen and laundry appliances, the company says that it is committed to bringing the world’s best to its customers. The company’s appliances have a reputation for unique design, outstanding performance quality and reliability. Originally, products were sold through conventional retailers but, to uphold Kleenmaid St George’s commitment to providing unique products and exceptional service, the company started selling .. ...veloping implementation plan it can be concluded that very little changes is required for the company. Also answers to questions and issues raised in the case have been included. References ========== 1) Hannagan, T.J. 2002, Mastering Strategic Management, Basingstoke, Palgrave. 2) Hill, C.W.L, Jones G.R. & Galvin, P. 2004, Strategic Management: An Integrated Approach, Milton, Qld.: John Wiley and Sons Australia. 3) Hussey, D.E. 1994, Strategic management : theory and practice, Oxford, Uk. 4) Johnson G. & Scholes K. 2002, Exploring Corporate Strategy Text and Cases, 6th Ed, London, Prentice Hall 5) Mintzberg H. & Quinn J.B. 1992, The Strategic Process; Concepts and Contexts, Englewood Cliffs, Prentice Hall 6) Pearce A. J. & Robinson R. B. 1994, Strategic Management, Formulation, Implementation, and Control, 5th Ed, Boston, Irwin. 7) Richardson B & Richardson R 1989, Business Planning; An Approach to Strategic Management, London, Pitman 8) Rosen R 1995, Strategic Management; An Introduction, London, Pitman. 9) Thompson, A. & Strickland, A. J. 2003, Strategic Management; Concepts and Case, 13th Ed. NY, McGraw Hill.

Buckland Review

Abstract Information Is a broad term that encompasses a wide variety of sources. In â€Å"Information as Thing†, Backhand attempts to define Information by breaking It down into information-as-process, information-as-knowledge, and information-as-thing. As he went on into tangibility versus intangibility, I saw a mere glimpse of the complexity behind it all but what really got me thinking was the discussion of what is usually thought of to be informative.The field of information sciences restricts information to consist strictly of data, documents and text, when in reality, like Backhand said, objects and events quite possibly could provide more Information. Luckily, there are changes being made In order to see that artifacts and objects can be seen as documents. Another viewpoint introduced was the fact that anything could have the capacity to be informational, as long as someone wanted it to be. Furthermore, not all things seen as informative are going to be utilized.Backhan d has opened my eyes to a new world where information is not Just a term that is uncomplicated but is elaborate. An uncommon Approach Information is a broad but loaded term. With that said, it is awfully hard to pinpoint its exact meaning. Many uncommon but noteworthy viewpoints were discussed in Michael Backhand's â€Å"Information as Thing†. This enlightening article presents a refreshing new twist on the way the word â€Å"information† is defined. For me, personally, Information has always been a term that has been Incredibly simple and straightforward.It was something self explanatory?no further explanation required. Because Backhand's perspective is so drastically different to what I'm familiar with, I had to read this piece several times before I could even begin to empowered it. Before I could even grasp all the material covered in this article, I knew I was in for a bumpy ride. It quickly became clear to me that information was exceedingly more complicated than I perceived It to be. As I was skimming through the article for the first time, I wondered what approach Backhand would take to define this term. Laming the word â€Å"Information† to be ambiguous, Backhand decided to break it down into three distinguishable parts: information-as-process, information-as-knowledge, and information-as-thing. Moreover, he then separated them into tangible versus intangible, where information-as-process and information-as-knowledge are categorized as intangible, as opposed to Information-as-thing, which falls under the category of tangible. Since this was all still very foreign to me, my brain was feeling a little overwhelmed.I would have never have expected there to be so much gray area within information and information sciences. When I think of sources of information, the typical few immediately come to mind ?TV, books, and websites. As Backhand begins to introduce the various types of information, data, texts, and documents are among the fir st elements to be touched upon. While reading this, I was completely satisfied with those three resources. Topic. To my utter surprise, this was certainly not the case. Instead, my eyes settled on another italicized word that appeared at the break of the paragraph. Objects†, the paper stated. I was puzzled by this label and questioned Backhand's ideas but soon came to the realization that he was spot on. Objects are definitely a great source of information?some may even argue that they are more informative than ATA, texts, or documents?but are frequently overlooked in the world of information studies. As I mulled over the thought some more, a certain object made its way into my mind. My charm bracelet, something I wear everyday, undeniably allows others to peer into the life of Chelsea Chin. Each charm is highly symbolic and reveals a little snippet about me.In my opinion, if a poll was taken about types of information, I'm sure the majority of people would have responded with at least one, if not all, of the big three, but if they were given the time to actually think about it and then given n follow-up assignment, I am confident that most people would have a list with the word â€Å"object† nested somewhere in there. With regards to the way the field of information science has fixated their time on data, text, and documents while ignoring objects, it is definitely difficult to hear but pleasant to see Outlet and the documentation movement giving it more attention.As I think the section is starting to wrap up, I am shocked yet again as I come across another italicized word: Events. Backhand brings up an excellent point when he refers to events as â€Å"informative henchmen†. There is no doubt that events are informative?they are Just harder to represent because they are fleeting. Backhand has come to the conclusion that â€Å"we are unable to say confidently of anything that it could not be information† (Backhand, 1991). The stateme nt is valid but something Vive never really thought about. As we dive deeper into the article, it becomes apparent that there is really no solution to this problem.Take a desk for example. It is something that is often seen simply Just as a piece of furniture? nothing more, nothing less. If one really wanted to though, this desk could provide all sorts of information. It has the ability to imply that one was a student or held a job. Furthermore, the quality of the desk could also be something to look out for when examining the item if one is writing a review for the company that made it. From this example, it is easy to see that anything can be qualified as informational if placed into the correct situation, which is exactly the point Backhand is trying to get at.Sometimes people believe things are informational even when it is not assured hat people will utilize that thing. Just like the telephone book mentioned by Backhand, the terms of agreement is plenty informational, but no on e really takes the time to read through that novel. Information has always been very black and white to me. Reading this article, however, has allowed me to see information in a different light. Backhand made an exceptional attempt to define the word â€Å"information† by dividing it further into three separate sections.Comparing his definition to mine, it is easy to see that my view was elementary and extremely transparent while his was well thought out and intricate. His arguments have really provoked a considerable amount thought in me: documents, data, and text are not the only resources that provide information. Objects and events are equally as informational, if not more so. Everything has to the Backhand made some really great points that have given me a newfound appreciation for the field of information studies. References Backhand, M. (1991). Information as Thing. Journal of the American Society for Information science, 42(5), 351-360.

The Youth Of A New Country - 1588 Words

1. Grabbing people’s attention with certain programs can be a hard task to achieve, especially if they don’t know your language that well, or they are newcomers to your country. The way I would reach out to the newcomer youth in the Greater Toronto area would be creating a flier to post around schools and public places to promote the program, this way the more instances that people see the flier, the more interested in it they become. Another way of grabbing the attention of newcomers to pull them into coming to our program would be giving out packages explaining to the parents of the children what our program can benefit to their children who are being welcomed into a new country. This makes sure the child’s parents are aware of the programs that the YMCA has for them, plus give them a chance to look over and contemplate if they believe it is going to be a good opportunity for their children. Lastly, I would develop a presentation, and go into the schools most p opulated with newcomer kids to introduce them to the types of programs that they can get involved in. I would even ask for it to be held outside of normal school hours so their parents would be able to sit in on the presentation so they are able to get the same information. There is one major barrier the I need to consider while developing ways to promote the YMCA programs. That barrier is communication. While most of the people who live in Toronto speak either English or French, immigrants also in the GreaterShow MoreRelatedRole Of Youth In National Development844 Words   |  4 PagesRoles of the youth in national development. With this much advantage, there are roles that young people can be involved in national development. The roles are opportunities for the youth to better their lives and in turn develop the nation. 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Over 50 years ago, a child fugitive knew this and proclaimed,Read MoreGlobalization and Youth1589 Words   |  7 Pagesout Globalization and Culture mean different things to different people and the emerging generation will shape the future of both. There has been cultural implications are central to understanding human side of globalization in youth culture as a whole. Youth are important but the society does not realize this because they are paying attention to more the cultural side of the problem. No longer is it a question of whether globalization is having an impact on all aspects of human life; the more pressingRead MoreYouth: Universal Stage of Life or Social Construct? Essay1135 Words   |  5 PagesYouth: Universal Stage of Life or Social Construct? There is much debate in the world about the definition of youth. Some groups think of youth as a universal stage of life, while others think it is merely a social construct which alters regionally depending on social conditions. 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MillionsRead MoreYouth Unemployment And Its Effects On The Economy990 Words   |  4 PagesReading Writing 22 February 2017 Youth in Unemployment in Saudi Arabia Unemployment is a phenomenon that occur in any country across globe. It considers as very essential topic because its effects on the country. The unemployment rate is one of the most prominent issues discussed today by politicians, news commentators, and economists. Therefore, higher unemployment rate between youth could affect the economy, politics, and other factors. Many countries across the globe spend a lot ofRead MoreGlobalization and Children708 Words   |  3 PagesTo what extent has globalization improved the lives of children and youth? To say that globalization has affected the lives of children and youth around the world would be an understatement. But with the growth over the years from globalization, many pros and cons have come out of it. The forthcoming of globalization has done wonders to developed countries, but not so much for underdeveloped countries. This is why I stand on a thin line between if it has improved the lives plenty, or not quiteRead MoreMigrant Youth : The United States847 Words   |  4 PagesStates, immigrants come from varying countries in search of the American Dream. This dream entails the belief that their lives can be improved because of the various amounts of opportunities in United States. Due to this, thousands of migrant youth move from Central and South America to Texas in search for a better life. By crossing the Rio Grande border, the migrant youth are escaping the corruption and violence in their native country. Although the migrant youth are in search of a better life in Amer ica